在本文涉及的DNC(Direct Numerical Control or Distributed Numerical Control)信息系统中,由于每个生产单元的数控机床数目都远远超过计算机所配置的串口数(一般为两个),因此在本系统采用了台湾MOXA公司生产的C320Turbo/PCI型多串口卡/板,以达到扩展串口的目的。同时为了扩大通信的有效传输距离,本系统采用了RS-232长距光隔转发器(串口长线收发器FC232)。 在此基础上,本文提出了一种满足企业生产需求的数控机床数据传输系统的网络结构,并对该结构中的DNC数据传输的实现进行了详细的描述。 1 系统网络结构 有两点需要注意的是,(1)当所要控制和通信的数控机床数超过DNC主机自配置的串口时,将会带来一定的不便。本系统采用MOXA Intellio C320Turbo/PCI多串口卡(C32010T/PCI)和多串口扩展板(C32047T)来实现串口扩展的问题;(2)当DNC主机与数控机床通讯距离较远时(超过15m),使用标准的RS-232C电缆就不能进行有效的通讯了。另外,通讯双方设备使用电缆直通连接,在两端设备不共地或引入处有电源干扰时,往往会毁坏设备接口。本系统采用RS-232长距光隔转发器(串口长线收发器FC232,成对使用)来解决10Km以内距离的RS-232设备间通讯时的延长距离和保护接口问题,其中FC232可以直接插在C32047T上,图中的线起的是示意作用。由于FC232可直接插于RS-232接口上,不需外接电源,兼容RS-232接口软件编程标准,这也给工程人员施工带来方便。 2 系统串行通信的实现 2.1 NC程序控制工作流程 在DNC串口通信程序中,串口拥有自己独立的线程,这些线程包括串口信号监视线程、串口数据接收线程和串口数据发送线程。其中主线程主要负责处理NC加工程序编辑、通信协议数据库、界面信息等,而辅助线程负责监视串口信号、串口数据接收和串口数据发送。用主线程来专门处理信息,使程序能迅速响应命令和其他事件,用辅助线程来完成费时的工作,这样可以避免由主线程处理这些工作时阻塞程序信息的处理。 1747-ACNR15
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